WEBVTT

00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:08.850 align:middle line:90%


00:00:08.850 --> 00:00:11.240 align:middle line:84%
STEPHANIE PRESCOTT: So we
know that antibiotics affect

00:00:11.240 --> 00:00:14.740 align:middle line:90%
the growth patterns of animals.

00:00:14.740 --> 00:00:17.300 align:middle line:84%
So farm animals were
exposed to antibiotics

00:00:17.300 --> 00:00:21.630 align:middle line:84%
for a long time, which made
them grow faster and larger.

00:00:21.630 --> 00:00:23.640 align:middle line:84%
NARRATOR: Stephanie
Prescott, a PhD student,

00:00:23.640 --> 00:00:25.920 align:middle line:84%
is a longtime neonatal
nurse practitioner.

00:00:25.920 --> 00:00:27.900 align:middle line:84%
STEPHANIE PRESCOTT:
So I wanted to know,

00:00:27.900 --> 00:00:30.660 align:middle line:84%
is this something
that we have to worry

00:00:30.660 --> 00:00:32.650 align:middle line:84%
about with our children
that are exposed

00:00:32.650 --> 00:00:34.130 align:middle line:90%
to antibiotics before delivery?

00:00:34.130 --> 00:00:36.630 align:middle line:84%
NARRATOR: She's also part of
the team of scientists studying

00:00:36.630 --> 00:00:38.790 align:middle line:84%
the microbiome's
role in obesity,

00:00:38.790 --> 00:00:40.380 align:middle line:84%
metabolic disorders,
inflammation,

00:00:40.380 --> 00:00:42.000 align:middle line:90%
and the development of cancer.

00:00:42.000 --> 00:00:43.800 align:middle line:84%
With more than half
of American women

00:00:43.800 --> 00:00:46.500 align:middle line:84%
now taking antibiotics
during their pregnancies,

00:00:46.500 --> 00:00:49.740 align:middle line:84%
Prescott's work aims to
examine the effect on babies,

00:00:49.740 --> 00:00:52.710 align:middle line:90%
both short and long term.

00:00:52.710 --> 00:00:55.800 align:middle line:84%
In her early work, Prescott had
two groups of pregnant mice.

00:00:55.800 --> 00:00:58.860 align:middle line:84%
One had been exposed to several
doses of common antibiotics,

00:00:58.860 --> 00:01:00.889 align:middle line:90%
and the other was not.

00:01:00.889 --> 00:01:02.430 align:middle line:84%
STEPHANIE PRESCOTT:
So first I wanted

00:01:02.430 --> 00:01:05.290 align:middle line:84%
to see if there was even a
difference in the microbiota

00:01:05.290 --> 00:01:08.030 align:middle line:90%
in the babies.

00:01:08.030 --> 00:01:09.280 align:middle line:90%
And so I looked at the babies.

00:01:09.280 --> 00:01:12.695 align:middle line:84%
I looked at the different
GI compartments,

00:01:12.695 --> 00:01:17.800 align:middle line:84%
so in the stomach,
the ileum, the feces.

00:01:17.800 --> 00:01:21.660 align:middle line:84%
And I found differences
in every compartment.

00:01:21.660 --> 00:01:24.346 align:middle line:84%
I found them early,
and I found them late.

00:01:24.346 --> 00:01:26.220 align:middle line:84%
NARRATOR: Then Prescott
put all the mice pops

00:01:26.220 --> 00:01:30.990 align:middle line:84%
on a typical Western diet, 50%
carbohydrate, 35% fat, and very

00:01:30.990 --> 00:01:31.680 align:middle line:90%
little fiber.

00:01:31.680 --> 00:01:34.174 align:middle line:90%


00:01:34.174 --> 00:01:36.090 align:middle line:84%
STEPHANIE PRESCOTT: And
then I just weigh them

00:01:36.090 --> 00:01:39.160 align:middle line:90%
and see who gets fatter.

00:01:39.160 --> 00:01:41.460 align:middle line:84%
NARRATOR: Ultimately, she
found that mice pups exposed

00:01:41.460 --> 00:01:43.470 align:middle line:84%
to antibiotics during
gestation and then

00:01:43.470 --> 00:01:46.620 align:middle line:84%
raised on a Western diet
are 37% more likely to be

00:01:46.620 --> 00:01:49.920 align:middle line:90%
obese than those not exposed.

00:01:49.920 --> 00:01:52.860 align:middle line:84%
Two, exposed mice had
higher glucose levels

00:01:52.860 --> 00:01:54.690 align:middle line:84%
and more metabolic
syndromes than those

00:01:54.690 --> 00:01:56.430 align:middle line:90%
who hadn't been exposed.

00:01:56.430 --> 00:01:57.888 align:middle line:84%
STEPHANIE PRESCOTT:
You know, we're

00:01:57.888 --> 00:02:00.780 align:middle line:84%
talking about extremely limited
doses of antibiotics, only one

00:02:00.780 --> 00:02:03.870 align:middle line:84%
to three doses, very,
very short, which

00:02:03.870 --> 00:02:08.375 align:middle line:84%
is typical for what a mother
would get, a human mother.

00:02:08.375 --> 00:02:09.750 align:middle line:84%
NARRATOR: Prescott's
also working

00:02:09.750 --> 00:02:12.090 align:middle line:84%
on understanding the
microbiota of human beings

00:02:12.090 --> 00:02:14.370 align:middle line:84%
by studying blood,
tissue, and fecal samples

00:02:14.370 --> 00:02:16.227 align:middle line:84%
at UVA from new mothers
and their babies who

00:02:16.227 --> 00:02:17.060 align:middle line:90%
have agreed to help.

00:02:17.060 --> 00:02:19.292 align:middle line:90%


00:02:19.292 --> 00:02:21.000 align:middle line:84%
STEPHANIE PRESCOTT:
You know, I certainly

00:02:21.000 --> 00:02:23.880 align:middle line:84%
would never say that
mouse research is going

00:02:23.880 --> 00:02:27.150 align:middle line:84%
to translate exactly
to human research,

00:02:27.150 --> 00:02:29.740 align:middle line:84%
but it is going to point
us into a direction.

00:02:29.740 --> 00:02:32.760 align:middle line:84%
If you have an
effect that you can

00:02:32.760 --> 00:02:36.390 align:middle line:84%
see for a long time in
a mouse, the chances

00:02:36.390 --> 00:02:38.610 align:middle line:84%
are higher that
you're going to have

00:02:38.610 --> 00:02:40.860 align:middle line:90%
a similar effect in humans.

00:02:40.860 --> 00:02:45.240 align:middle line:84%
As nursing students,
we don't typically

00:02:45.240 --> 00:02:48.225 align:middle line:84%
even know that this is a
possible avenue for us,

00:02:48.225 --> 00:02:49.815 align:middle line:90%
and we tend to--

00:02:49.815 --> 00:02:54.450 align:middle line:84%
we do a lot of bedside research,
or direct patient research,

00:02:54.450 --> 00:02:57.150 align:middle line:84%
which I love, too,
and I definitely

00:02:57.150 --> 00:03:00.060 align:middle line:84%
don't want to give up my
contact with patients.

00:03:00.060 --> 00:03:03.720 align:middle line:84%
But I think because
animal research

00:03:03.720 --> 00:03:07.560 align:middle line:84%
allows you to do
such strict controls

00:03:07.560 --> 00:03:13.320 align:middle line:84%
and such mechanistic
studies, that we can really

00:03:13.320 --> 00:03:15.590 align:middle line:90%
inform our bedside science.

00:03:15.590 --> 00:03:18.340 align:middle line:90%
[MUSIC PLAYING]

00:03:18.340 --> 00:03:35.934 align:middle line:90%